With its monolithic manufacturing capability, excellent beam quality, fast modulation bandwidth, and array scalability, VCSEL demonstrates significant competitiveness in the field of short-range interconnects. Particularly in the case of 850nm wavelength VCSELs, these characteristics make them an ideal choice for high-speed communication in data centers.VCSELs are not only widely used in existing architectures but also inspire the development of new materials and technology platforms to meet the demands of emerging technologies such as 5G networks, artificial intelligence, and machine learning.